Jurnal Serambi Biologi

The Role of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) in Sustainable Agriculture

Rahmatul Huda Asra — 2024-04-01

The majority of farmers currently use chemical fertilizers and pesticides in farming. However, continuous use of these materials can cause negative impacts such as environmental pollution, health risks, nutrient cycle imbalances, and reduced crop yields. To overcome this problem, research has been conducted that focuses on the use of microorganisms found in the soil layer surrounding plant roots, called the rhizosphere. These microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi and protozoa form a group known as Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR). PGPR can increase plant growth through various mechanisms such as nitrogen fixation, phosphorus dissolution, production of cyanide acid compounds (HCN), and Indole Acetic Acid (IAA) compounds. This research aims to collect and analyze articles related to the role of PGPR in sustainable agriculture. The method used is a literature review by collecting sources from Google Scholar and other internet databases. The results of the articles collected were on topics related to PGPR, including mechanisms of nitrogen fixation and phosphorus solubilization, as well as their role in producing IAA and siderophores. Apart from that, the research also discusses the role of PGPR as a biocontrol agent that can control plant pathogens, and the antagonistic activity of PGPR against pathogens.

Growth of Trichoderma asperellum with the Addition of Glycerol on Rice Bran Based Medium

Alifia Chahyunisa — 2024-04-01

Biofertilizer is a material that contains live microorganisms that are able to increase plant nutrition, one of which is Trichoderma. Trichoderma is able to have a positive influence on plants, plant growth and plant production results. Bran is a material that can be used as a growth medium for Trichoderma sp because it is able to increase nutrition in plants and is able to meet the needs needed for the growth and development of Trichoderma. The shelf life of bran is limited, therefore glycerol is added to the bran medium. This research is an experimental study using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 6 treatments and 5 replications. The research was carried out by making a Trichoderma asperellum formulation using bran as the basic ingredient and adding glycerol at concentrations namely 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100%. Data in the form of the number of spores at each concentration were analyzed using analysis of variance. The results of the research showed that for Trichoderma asperellum, giving different concentrations of glycerol in bran-based media did not affect the number of Trichoderma asperellum spores and shelf life because there was no real difference between the different concentrations given.

Analisis Tutupan Kanopi Dengan Metode Hemispherichal Photography Di Kawasan Hutan Lindung Bukit Barisan I Sub DAS Lubuk Paraku Kota Padang

Talia Oktarina — 2024-04-01

Forests have various ecological functions, such as carbon storage and the hydrological cycle which is an important part of the ecological function of tropical rainforests. One use of identification data based on the condition of forest canopy cover in the future can be developed to determine conditions (forest health), conservation, disaster management and evaluation in forest management. The aim of this research is to determine Canopy Cover Using the Hemispherical Photography Method in the Bukit Barisan I Protected Forest Area, Lubuk Paraku Watershed, Padang City. This research was carried out from December 2022 - January 2023. The research method was a survey method, where the Indarung forest was used as the location. research and trees in the Bukit Barisan I Protected Forest Area, Lubuk Paraku Watershed, Padang City, were used as research objects. Analysis using the Hemispherical Photography method and Glama software. The results of the research show that the canopy cover of the Bukit Barisan I Protected Forest, Lubuk Paraku Sub-Watershed, has the highest value at Forest Station 3 at 86.67% and the Standard Deviation is 4.28% and the smallest is found at Parak Station 1 has a cover of 78.81% and a standard deviation of 4.38%. The canopy cover of all stations is included in the dense category.

Keywords : Canopy cover, Hemispherical photography, Forest

Growth of Trichoderma asperellum with the Addition of Paraffin to Corn-Based Medium

Mariyah Ulfa — 2024-04-01

Biofertilizer merupakan pupuk organik yang mengandung mikroorganisme yang keberadaannya bisa tunggal atau berupa gabungan beberapa jenis yang disebut dengan konsorsium. Biofertilizer dapat berasal dari kelompok PGPR dan PGPF. Salah satu PGPF yang telah dilaporkan sejauh ini adalah Trichoderma. Trichoderna dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tanaman seperti daya kecambah benih, tinggi bibit tanaman padi. Selama ini medium untuk pertumbuhan Trichoderma di Laboratorium adalah PDA. Di samping itu ada beberapa medium lainnya yang dapat digunakan dan salah satunya adalah Jagung. Jagung merupakan medium alternatif yang mengandung nutrisi dan mendukung pertumbuhan Trichoderma, meskipun demikian daya simpan pada medium jagung masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian parafin terhadap jumlah spora dan lama simpan Trichoderma asperellum pada medium cair berbahan dasar jagung. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen. Rancangan penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 6 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan. Perlakuan yang diberikan adalah penambahan konsentrasi parafin 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% dan 100%. Data berupa jumlah spora masing-masing konsentrasi pada umur simpan 45 hari yang dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA pada taraf 5% dan uji lanjut dengan DNMRT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata jumlah spora berkisar sekitar 2,16 x10⁶/mL hingga 7,44x10⁶/mL. Rata-rata spora tertinggi terdapat pada konsentrasi 40%. Berdasarkan analisis data, pemberian konsentrasi parafin pada media berbahan dasar jagung mempengaruhi jumlah spora Trichoderma asperellum dan lama simpannya.

Potential of Pseudomonads Fluorescents as Plant Disease Biocontrol Agents

Nabilla Makra Rusendra — 2024-04-01

Fluorescent pseudomonas are a group of rhizobacteria that colonize plant root areas and have potential as biocontrol agents for plant diseases that can be developed. This group of bacteria can increase plant growth by producing growth hormones, one of which is producing hormones Indole Acetic Acid (IAA), solubilizing phosphate, and siderophores. Apart from that, fluorescent pseudomonas are also able to induce plant resistance by producing secondary metabolite compounds which have antimicrobial properties. Many studies have shown that one of the most abundant microorganisms in the rhizosphere (around the roots) is bacteria Pseudomonas spp. This review will discuss the occurrence, distribution, growth studies, mechanisms of action, and control of plant diseases by fluorescent pseudomonad bacteria. This literature review will be helpful for future research aimed at providing information that fluorescent pseudomonads have potential as biocontrol agents for plant diseases.

(Inventory of Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the Sarasah Uwak waterfall in Limau Manis, Padang City by Using the Bait Trap Method)

M.Rafiqul Hayyat — 2024-04-01

Ants are social insects that belong to the order Hymenoptera and the family Formicidae, besides that ants act as decomposers, pollinators, and soil aerators in shady places and moist soil under rotten wood and ants are the most dominant group of terrestrial animals in the tropics. This study aims to determine the diversity of Formicidae in the Sarasah Uwak waterfall area, Limau Manis, Padang City, West Sumatra, Indonesia. This research was conducted in November 2022 using the honey bait trap method. The results obtained in this study were 88 individuals with 20 genera belonging to 4 subfamilies namely the Dolichoderinae, Formicinae, Myrmicinae and Ponerinae families. Subfamily Myrmicinae is the family with the highest number of species with 4 species while subfamilies Dolichoderinae, Formicinae and Ponerinae have 1 species each. The species with the highest number of individuals is Odontomarchus sp. with 27 individuals and the least is Acanthomyrmex sp. with 2 individuals.

Inventory of Plant Types as Commercialized Craft Products in Bukittinggi, West Sumatra

Aulia Yunita — 2024-04-01

Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) are an appropriate opportunity to develop, one of which is by utilizing NTFPs as craft products that can support the economy of communities around the forest. This research was conducted to collect information about what types of NTFP products are in Bukittinggi. Data analysis in this research was carried out descriptively, including displaying data on craft types, plant types and plant parts used in the table. Based on the results of research and interviews regarding types of NTFP plants that are used as commercial products (crafts), there are five types of plants that are used as craft products, including bamboo (Bambusa spp.), rattan (Calamus spp.), coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) , water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes Mart.), and pandan (Pandanus spp.). This type of plant is used as raw material for woven crafts. Bamboo makes bansi, bracelets, tissue holders and curtains. Rattan produces rings, tangguk, bags. Coconuts become piggy banks and bags from shells and brooms from leaf bones. Water hyacinth and pandan become various forms of bag products.

Pengaruh Struktur Sarang Buatan Di Sekitar Departemen Biologi Fakultas Matematika Dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Negeri Padang

Nindi Rahmi Sagala — 2024-04-01

Birds are one species of animal that is greatly affected by forest land use change. Birds are known as good nest-making animals. The nest is made of twigs and lined with grass, moss, leaves or feathers. This research aims to determine the structure of artificial bird nests. In this study, 16 artificial bird nests were used, consisting of 2 types, namely type I with an entrance using steps and type II with an entrance using stairs/without steps. This research was carried out in November 2022 using observation and documentation methods. In this study, there were no birds occupying artificial nests, which could also be due to the fairly high level of campus activity. This can be due to several factors, namely, the construction materials used, design and placement of the structure, installation method, use of predator guards, as well as the condition of the nest which is moldy and mossy.

Burung merupakan salah satu jenis satwa yang sangat terpengaruh akibat alih guna lahan hutan. Burung terkenal sebagai hewan pembuat sarang yang baik. Sarangnya ada terbuat dari ranting dan dilapisi rumput, lumut, dedaunan atau bulu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui struktur sarang burung buatan. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan 16 sarang burung buatan yang terdiri dari 2 tipe yaitu tipe I dengan pintu masuk menggunakan pijakan dan tipe II pintu masuk menggunakan tangga/tanpa pijakan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan November 2022 dengan menggunakan metode observasi dan dokumentasi. Pada penelitian ini tidak terdapat adanya burung yang menempati sarang buatan juga dapat dikarenakan tingkat aktivitas kampus yang cukup tinggi. Hal ini dapat juga disebabkan beberapa faktor yaitu, bahan konstruksi yang digunakan, desain dan penempatan struktur, metode pemasangan, penggunaan penjaga predator, serta keadaan sarang yang sudah berjamur dan berlumut.

Literature Article Review: Gambir Plant (Uncaria gambir Roxb) as Antioxidant Producer

Atika Ayu Rahmawati — 2024-04-01

Abstract

Gambier (Uncaria gambir Robx) is one of the typical spices of West Sumatra which contains chemical compounds and bioactive components that have the potential to be used as raw materials for medicines in the pharmaceutical industry. The bioactivity of this gambier plant can stimulate and enhance the immune system. The purpose of study is to present a summary of the literature review to gather overall information about the gambier plant as an antioxidant producer. The method used in literature review article research is the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) approach. Using literature in the form of Publish or Perrish, (2010-2023). Based on the results of the literature review, 12 journals were obtained. Based on the results of a literature review article showing various properties found in gambier plants due to suspected chemical compounds including phenolics and flavonoids such as quercetin and catechin, which have potential bioactivity, namely having antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. From several research results, the gambier plant part is proven to have many pharmacological properties that can increase the productivity of drugs with natural ingredients.

Key words : Gambir, Antioxidant, Bioactive Compound, Literature Review

Pseudomonas Fluorescent As A Biocontrol Agent Against Plant Pathogens

Aprina Dilla — 2024-04-02

The use of biological control agents as alternatives to synthetic fungicides is increasingly being developed as farmers become more aware of the negative effects of synthetic fungicides. Various biocontrol agents have been developed from several bacteria that are very effective against plant diseases, including pseudomonas fluorescent. The mechanism of bacterial inhibition against pathogens can take place through several ways, namely colonization, competition and antibiosis. Pseudomonas fluorescent is able to produce secondary metabolite compounds such as siderophores, HCN, antibiotics, enzymes that can inhibit the growth and development of pathogens and can induce systemic resistance.

Amphibious Inventory in Borneo Indonesia Through the AMNH Platform

Elviona Heafiz — 2024-04-02

Borneo is the 3rd largest island in the world with an area of 748,168 km2. Indonesia which has a high biodiversity value. Amphibians are one of the constituent components of the ecosystem that has a very important role. This study aims to determine the number and diversity of amphibians on the island of Kalimantan. This research was conducted by collecting data through the AMNH (Amphibian Museum of Natural History) Platform. Based on data collected through the AMNH platform, there were 10 families, namely Megophryidae as many as 13 species, Mycrohilidae as many as 16 species, Ranidae as many as 19 species, Dicroglossidae as many as 15 species, Bombinatoridae as many as 2 species, Ichthyophiidae as many as 2 species, Ceratobatrachidae as many as 2 species, Bufonidae as many as 6 species, and Rhacophoridae as many as 16 species. So the total amphibians on the island of Borneo based on the data we obtained through the AMNH platform is 91 species.

ISOLASI DAN KARAKTERISASI BAKTERI ASAM LAKTAT (BAL) PADA FERMENTASI DURUAN TEMBAGA (Durio zibethinus Murr.) DARI PADANG PARIAMAN SUMATERA BARAT

Sharah Iza Fadila — 2024-04-02

Bakteri asam laktat adalah kelompok bakteri yang memproduksi asam laktat sebagai produk metabolik. BAL adalah bakteri gram positif berbentuk kokus, batang tidak berspora dan bersifat mikroaerofilik. BAL dapat diisolasi dari berbagai olahan pangan fermentasi salah satunya adalah tempoyak. Tempoyak merupakan produk olahan buah durian yang dibuat dengan cara fermentasi spontan secara anaerob selama 3–7 hari. Fermentasi tempoyak melibatkan bakteri asam laktat (BAL) yaitu jenis bakteri yang dapat menghasilkan asam laktat, hidrogen peroksida, antimikroba, dan hasil metabolisme lain yang memberikan pengaruh positif bagi produktivitas makanan terutama makanan fermentasi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengisolasi bakteri asam laktat (BAL) dari fermentasi durian tembaga. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif. Isolasi dan Karakterisasi BAL dilakukan dengan metode Total Plate Count (TPC) menggunakan medium selektif MRSA. Karakterisasi BAL dilakukan dengan pengamatan mikroskopis dan makroskopis dengan metode pewarnaan Gram. Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan didapatkan 3 Isolat BAL. pengamatan makroskopis diperoleh koloni bentuk bulat (circular), tepian licin (entire), elevasi (convex dan raised) dan berwarna putih susu. Pengamatan mikroskopis diperoleh koloni bakteri Gram positif berbentuk sel batang (bacill)

Artikel Review: Kajian Perilaku Gajah Sumatera (Elephas maximus sumatranus) di Taman Margasatwa

Jihan Natul Sa'diah Sa'diah — 2024-04-02

Gajah Sumatera (Elephas maximus sumatranus) merupakan mamalia besar yang tersebar sepanjang Pulau Sumatera. Kajian terhadap perilaku gajah Sumatera yang mencakup perilaku khas individu gajah sangat penting untuk mendukung kegiatan ekowisata. Informasi perilaku gajah diperoleh melalui observasi ilmiah disajikan kepada wisatawan untuk memberikan wawasan dan pengetahuannya selama berkunjung ke Taman Margasatwa. Taman Margasatwa merupakan salah satu lembaga konservasi ek-situ yang memiliki koleksi satwa gajah Sumatera. Pada artikel ini, penulis mengumpulkan informasi tentang perilaku gajah Sumatera berdasarkan jenis kelamin, umur, asal penangkapan, lama pelatihan, serta mengkaji perilaku gajah dalam mendukung kegiatan ekowisata di Taman Margasatwa. Metode yang digunakan dalam artikel ini adalah studi literatur dengan menganalisis atau mereview 10 jurnal dengan menggunakan tiga database yaitu Google Scholar, Science Direct, dan Pubmed. Ulasan ini memberikan informasi yang menunjukkan gajah jantan memiliki respon yang lebih agresif dibandingkan gajah betina. Serta lama pelatihan juga mempengaruhi perilaku gajah. Penulis berharap ulasan ini dapat memberikan pengetahuan dan wawasan terkait perilaku gajah Sumatera di Taman Margasatwa.

Uji Sensitivitas Antibiotik Mikroba Tanah Pertanian yang Terpapar Disinfektan Di Kecamatan Batang Anai Kabupaten Padang Pariaman

Suci Febri Chania — 2024-04-02

Indonesia merupakan negara agraris yang mengandalkan sektor pertanian sebagai sumber penghasilan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan pangan masyarakat. Keberadaan hama di area budidaya tanaman pertanian mengancam stabilitas produksi dan produktivitas tanaman. Petani umumnya menggunakan pestisida kimiawi setiap terjadi serangan hama dan penyakit pada pertanian,bahkan petani menggunakan pestisida tanpa memperhatikan hama target, cenderung berlebihan, dan tidak tepat baik jenis, dosis, serta metode aplikasi yang digunakan. Penggunaan bahan-bahan agrokimia sintetik seperti pesstisida berpotensi menngakibatkan adanya residu bahan tersebut di dalam tanah yang secara langsung maupun tidak langsung berpengaruh pada populasi dan aktivitas mikroba tanah sehingga mempengaruhi stabilitas ekosistem serta mempengaruhi keseimbangan kompleks jerapan di dalam tanah. Hal ini memungkinkan untuk mempegaruhi keseimbangan hara atau kadar kemasaman tanah. Oleh karena itu, dilakukanlah penelitian ini yang bertujuan untuk menguji sensitivitas antibiotik terhadap bakteri tanah terpapar disinfektan di Batang anai, Kabupaten Padang Pariaman, Sumatera Barat. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan, didapatkan hasil bahwa Zona hambat yang terbentuk memiliki rata-rata yang tinggi yang membuktikan bahwa bakteri tanah sawah di Kecamatan Batang Anai Kabupaten Padang Pariaman tersebut masih sensitif terhadap antibiotik dan memiliki kualitas tanah yang baik.

Comparison of Boiling Methods for Bacterial DNA Isolation Using Waterbath and Heatblock

Fadila Sirwati — 2024-04-02

Molecular biology analysis has several advantages over culture approaches, including the ability to identify a wider range of target organisms, increased sensitivity and specificity. Bacterial DNA isolation is a simple solution in molecular biology analysis. Boiling techniques using high temperature heating can damage cell wall permeability. Heating boiling technique can be done by using waterbath, and heat block with different heat transfer mechanism. The results showed the concentration value of samples isolated using headblock was in the range of 77.6 ug/ul - 200.45 ug/ul, while the concentration of samples isolated using waterbath was in the range of 145.575 ug/ul - 288.8 ug/ul. The highest DNA concentration was obtained from using a waterbath. Purity values measured at wavelengths A260/A280 were obtained with a range of purity that was not different.

Inventory of Mangrove Species in Nagari Pilubang, Sungai Limau District, Padang Pariaman Regency, West Sumatra

Muhammad Afif Taufiq — 2024-04-02

Mangroves have two meanings, the first refers to plant communities or forests that are able to tolerate salinity or saltwater conditions (aquifers). While the second refers to individual plant species, mangrove species inventories are also important in a global context, given the role these ecosystems play in storing carbon and protecting coasts from storms and erosion. This study aims to inventory of mangrove species in Nagari Pilubang, Sungai Limau District, Sungai Limau Regency, West Sumatra. This study used the Spot Check method. The results of the inventory of mangrove species at the observation location showed that there were 17 species from 16 families that make up the mangrove forest observed. True mangroves include Sonneratia caseolaris, Nypa fruticans, Acrostichum aureum, Acanthus ebracteatus, Acanthus ilicifolius, while the following mangroves include Hibiscus tiliaceus, Derris trifolia, Dolichandrone spathacea, Pandanus tectorius, Cerbera manghas, Melastoma candidum, Ardisia elliptica, Glochidion littorale, Barringtonia asiatica, Calophyllum inophyllum, Morinda citrifolia, and Wedelia biflora.

Vegetation Distribution Patterns in the Mangrove Forest Area of Teluk Buo Tourism Village, West Sumatera

Duma Erza Marbun — 2024-04-02

Vegetation is a plant community that can be found in a landscape or geographic area. Vegetation has the ability to adapt to its environment and has an important role in terms of hydrology and climate change. Teluk Buo Beach, which is located in Teluk Buo Tourism Village, Teluk Kabung Tengah Village, Bungus District, Padang City, West Sumatra, has various types of coastal vegetation. The vegetation that can be found in the Teluk Buo Beach area is herbaceous vegetation, shrubs and trees. Dispersal Pattern is a movement separating individuals or population groups from the vegetation population itself and this movement is closely related to environmental conditions. This research aims to determine the distribution pattern of vegetation on Teluk Buo Beach, West Sumatra. The research method implemented was the quadratic method. The vegetation found was 7 species, namely Rhizophora apiculata, Bruguiera gymnorhiza, Setaria palmifolia, Nypa Fruticans, Bruguiera gymnorhiza, Euterpe oleracea mart., and Lumnitzera littorea. In herbaceous habitus vegetation, the distribution pattern is random with a morisita degree value obtained at 0.23, namely IP = 0, for bush and tree habitus vegetation, the morisita degree value obtained is -11.91 and -12.47 based on the criterion of P < 0, namely distribution pattern. uniformly.

Genetic Variation Analysis of katG Gene Sequence in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Using RFLP In Silico

Siti Nurfalinda — 2024-04-02

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that is the leading cause of death in Indonesia. This infection is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In Indonesia in 2021, there were approximately 824,000 cases of TB. A total of 8,268 TB cases were associated with resistance of M. tuberculosis to anti-tuberculosis drugs (OAT). MDR-TB is a strain that is resistant to two of the most important anti-tuberculosis drugs in first-line TB therapy, namely Rifampicin (RIF) and Isoniazid (INH). The most common mechanism of INH resistance is the katG gene mutation, found (95%) at codon 315. In the katG gene there is a change in the amino acid Ser (AGC) → Thr (ACC). Genetic variation in a population will affect the survival ability of an individual. This study used BamHI restriction enzyme. This study aims to analyze genetic variation in the KatG gene sequence in M. tuberculosis NCBI popset 2363230696 by using RFLP in silico. The results showed that there were genetic variations in the KatG gene sequence and two allelic variations contained in 7 KatG gene sequences using the BamHI restriction enzyme.

Key words : M. tuberculosis, BamHI, KatG , Genetic Variation, RFLP in silico.

Comprehensive Study of the Morphology and Anatomy of Mango (Mangifera indica) as a Differentiator from Other Species: A Literature Review

Muhammad Abdul Jabar — 2024-04-02

Mango (Mangifera indica) is one of the plants from the Anacardiaceae family that is most widely cultivated in Indonesia because of its high economic value. As a result of plant cultivation, Mangifera indica has very diverse varieties. Apart from that, the existence of other plants that have almost the same body structure, especially from other genus Mangifera, makes it important to know the true morphology and anatomy of Mangifera indica. So, this research aims to determine the morphology and anatomy of Mangifera indica. The main method used in this research is literature study from various articles on the internet. The results of this research discuss the morphology and anatomy of the leaves, stems, roots, flowers, fruit and seeds of Mangifera indica in detail and comprehensively so that they are easier to understand. Also added are several studies regarding Mangifera indica varieties which aim to differentiate between the morphology and anatomy of Mangifera indica and its varieties. The conclusion of this research states that Mangifera indica is a plant that has unique morphological and anatomical characteristics, which can differentiate this species from other species in the same genus.

Keywords: Morphology, Anatomy, Mangifera indica

Contribution of Goat Manure Organic Fertilizer to the Number of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Tillers

Debra Fortuna Sunarsan — 2024-04-02

The relatively high and continuous use of inorganic fertilizers in rice cultivation can cause negative impacts on the environment. Minister of Agriculture Regulation Number: 40/2007 recommends providing organic fertilizer combined with inorganic fertilizer with the aim of improving soil condition and fertility. This research aims to determine the effect of the composition of organic goat manure and inorganic fertilizer on the number of rice tillers. This research was structured using a Completely Randomized Design. The treatment given was a comparison of organic fertilizer to inorganic fertilizer consisting of 6 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments given consisted of A(100% NPK Fertilizer + 0% Goat Manure Fertilizer), B(80% NPK Fertilizer + 20% Goat Manure Fertilizer), C(60% NPK Fertilizer + 40% Goat Manure Fertilizer), D(40% NPK Fertilizer + 60% Goat Manure Fertilizer), E(20% NPK Fertilizer + 80% Goat Manure Fertilizer), F(0% NPK Fertilizer + 100% Goat Manure Fertilizer). Observational data was analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) using the SPSS application. The results showed that the use of inorganic NPK fertilizer combined with organic goat manure had no significant effect on the number of offspring. The composition of inorganic NPK fertilizer and organic goat manure gave the same response to the number of rice tillers.

The Role of Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria in Sustainable Agriculture

Sistika Arlina — 2024-04-02

The repeated and unwise use of chemical fertilizers agricultural land can cause various negative impacts such as disrupting natural microbes and losing soil fertility. Phosphate solubilizing bacteria are soil bacteria that can convert phosphate from insoluble to soluble so that it can be absorbed by plants. Phosphate solubilizing bacteria play an important role in increasing plant productivity. Although the availability of phosphorus (P) in soil is in high concentrations, only 0.1% of the total phosphorus is available to plants and represents a small portion of the total in the soil. This occurs because of the low level of solubility of phosphorus and its fixation ability in the soil with several other metal elements in the soil such as Al, Ca, Fe to form aluminum phosphate, calcium phosphate and iron phosphate. There is no availability of phosphate for plants so that the role of phosphate-soluble bacteria is needed which plays a role in providing phosphate for plants so that it can increase agricultural yields. Phosphate solubilizing bacteria have great potential as biofertilizers because they can increase the bioavailability of phosphorus for plants, promote sustainable agriculture, and increase soil fertility, and increase crop yields.

Kontribusi Pupuk Organik Kotoran Sapi Terhadap Tinggi Tanaman Padi (Oryza sativa L.)

Aulia Insyani Syahfitri — 2024-04-02

Continuous use of inorganic fertilizers on rice plants has a negative impact on soil productivity and the environment so that plant growth is disrupted. Therefore, it can be used to reduce the impact of using inorganic fertilizers by using organic fertilizers. This research aims to determine the effect of the composition of organic cow dung fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer on the growth of rice plants which was carried out from July to November 2023 at the Plant Physiology and Wire House Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Padang State University.

This research was structured using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 6 treatments and 4 replications. The treatment given consisted of A = 100% NPK Fertilizer + 0% Cow Manure, B = 80% NPK Fertilizer + 20% Cow Manure, C = 60% NPK Fertilizer + 40% Cow Manure, D = 40% NPK Fertilizer + 60% Cow Manure Fertilizer, E = 20% NPK Fertilizer + 80% Cow Manure Fertilizer, F = 0% NPK Fertilizer + 100% Cow Manure Fertilizer. The results showed that the influence of the composition of inorganic NPK fertilizer and organic cow dung fertilizer for rice plants had no significant effect on plant height at 15, 30, 45 and 60 HST.

Genetic Variation Analysis of the E6 HPV 16 Gene Using RFLP In Silico

Silvy Annisa — 2024-04-02

Cervical cancer is cancer that attacks epithelial cells or the outer surface layer of the cervix. This cancer is most commonly caused by the high risk type of Human Papillomavirus. The RFLP method uses restriction enzymes to cut certain nucleotide sequences at specific positions that produce fragments of different lengths. The purpose of this study was to determine the polymorphism that occurs in the E6 gene of the HPV 16 virus. This research was conducted using RFLP in silico. Virtual descriptive methods are used to analyze data and collect information about the object of study. The restriction enzyme HpaII was used in this study. The results showed that there were two alleles (A1 and A2) out of a total of 15 sequences of the E6 HPV 16 gene in Popset 636528409 indicating that there was a genetic variation in the gene.

Literatur Review: Koenih Rimbo (Curcuma sumatrana Miq.) Tumbuhan Endemik Terancam Punah Pulau Sumatra yang Berpotensi Sebagai Tumbuhan Obat

Ameilia Citaindah — 2024-04-02

Minat masyarakat Indonesia terhadap penggunaan obat tradisional sangat tinggi, dikarenakan penggunaan tanaman obat dipercaya dapat meningkatkan sistem imun tubuh. Koenih Rimbo (Curcuma sumatrana Miq.) merupakan salah satu tumbuhan obat endemik Sumatra yang berasal dari family Zingiberaceae. Namun, saat ini Koenih Rimbo masuk ke dalam Daftar Merah Spesies Terancam Punah IUCN Red List pada tahun 2018. Koenih Rimbo memiliki nilai penting dalam bidang pengobatan tradisional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui morfologi, fisiologi, habitat dan potensi nya sebagai tumbuhan obat. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian yang menggunakan literature review. Berdasarkan artikel yang dikumpulkan didapatkan hasil bahwa C. sumatrana merupakan tanaman herba yang memiliki tinggi 135 cm dan memiliki rimpang berbetuk bulat seperti telur. C. sumatrana habitatnya dihutan sekunder yang berada pada ketinggian 100-500 mdpl. C. Sumatra merupakn tumbuhan obat yang memiliki potensi meningkatkan meningkatkan kecerdasan, struktur histologi otak dan konsentrasi malondialdehid pada Mencit, sebagai antikanker dan sebagai antibakteri, hal ini dikarenakan terdapat berbagai macam senyawa aktif pada rimpang C. sumatrana.